Zepbound

Limitations of Use

ZEPBOUND contains tirzepatide. Coadministration with other tirzepatide-containing products or with any glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist is not recommended.

Recommended Dose Escalation Schedule

• The recommended starting dosage of ZEPBOUND for all indications is 2.5 mg injected subcutaneously once weekly for 4 weeks.
• The 2.5 mg dosage is for treatment initiation and is not approved as a maintenance dosage.
• Follow the dosage escalation below for all indications to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal adverse reactions [see Warnings and Precautions and Adverse Reactions ].
• After 4 weeks, increase the dosage to 5 mg injected subcutaneously once weekly. The dosage may be increased in 2.5 mg increments, after at least 4 weeks on the current dose [see Dosage and Administration ].
• Consider treatment response and tolerability when selecting the maintenance dosage. If patients do not tolerate a maintenance dosage, consider a lower maintenance dosage.

Recommended Maintenance and Maximum Dosage

Recommendations Regarding Missed Dose

• If a dose is missed, instruct patients to administer ZEPBOUND as soon as possible within 4 days (96 hours) after the missed dose. If more than 4 days have passed, skip the missed dose and administer the next dose on the regularly scheduled day. In each case, patients can then resume their regular once weekly dosing schedule.
• The day of weekly administration can be changed, if necessary, as long as the time between the two doses is at least 3 days (72 hours).

Important Administration Instructions

• Prior to initiation of ZEPBOUND, train patients and caregivers on proper injection technique. Refer to the accompanying Instructions for Use for complete administration instructions with illustrations.
• Instruct patients using the single-dose vial to use a syringe appropriate for dose administration (e.g., a 1 mL syringe capable of measuring a 0.5 mL dose).
• Inspect ZEPBOUND visually before use. It should appear clear and colorless to slightly yellow. Do not use ZEPBOUND if particulate matter or discoloration is seen.
• Administer ZEPBOUND in combination with a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity.
• Administer ZEPBOUND once weekly at any time of day, with or without meals.
• Inject ZEPBOUND subcutaneously in the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm.
• Rotate injection sites with each dose.

Pregnancy

Lactation

Females and Males of Reproductive Potential

Pediatric Use

The safety and effectiveness of ZEPBOUND have not been established in pediatric patients.

Geriatric Use

In a pool of two fixed dose ZEPBOUND clinical studies for weight reduction (Study 1 and Study 2), 226 (9%) ZEPBOUND-treated patients were 65 years of age or older, and 13 (0.5%) ZEPBOUND-treated patients were 75 years of age or older at baseline.

No overall differences in safety or effectiveness of ZEPBOUND have been observed between patients 65 years of age and older and younger adult patients.

ZEPBOUND clinical studies in OSA (Study 5 and Study 6) did not include sufficient numbers of patients age 65 years or older to determine whether they respond differently from younger adult patients. Other reported clinical experience with tirzepatide has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients.

Renal Impairment

No dosage adjustment of ZEPBOUND is recommended for patients with renal impairment. In subjects with renal impairment including end-stage renal disease (ESRD), no change in tirzepatide pharmacokinetics (PK) was observed [see Clinical Pharmacology ]. Monitor renal function in patients reporting adverse reactions to ZEPBOUND that could lead to volume depletion [see Warnings and Precautions ].

Hepatic Impairment

No dosage adjustment of ZEPBOUND is recommended for patients with hepatic impairment. In a clinical pharmacology study in subjects with varying degrees of hepatic impairment, no change in tirzepatide PK was observed [see Clinical Pharmacology ].

Risk of Thyroid C-Cell Tumors

In rats, tirzepatide caused a dose-dependent and treatment-duration-dependent increase in the incidence of thyroid C-cell tumors (adenomas and carcinomas) in a 2-year study at clinically relevant plasma exposures [see Nonclinical Toxicology ]. It is unknown whether ZEPBOUND causes thyroid C-cell tumors, including MTC, in humans as human relevance of tirzepatide-induced rodent thyroid C-cell tumors has not been determined.

ZEPBOUND is contraindicated in patients with a personal or family history of MTC or in patients with MEN 2. Counsel patients regarding the potential risk for MTC with the use of ZEPBOUND and inform them of symptoms of thyroid tumors (e.g., a mass in the neck, dysphagia, dyspnea, persistent hoarseness).

Routine monitoring of serum calcitonin or using thyroid ultrasound is of uncertain value for early detection of MTC in patients treated with ZEPBOUND. Such monitoring may increase the risk of unnecessary procedures, due to the low test specificity for serum calcitonin and a high background incidence of thyroid disease. Significantly elevated serum calcitonin values may indicate MTC and patients with MTC usually have calcitonin values >50 ng/L. If serum calcitonin is measured and found to be elevated, the patient should be further evaluated. Patients with thyroid nodules noted on physical examination or neck imaging should also be further evaluated.

Severe Gastrointestinal Adverse Reactions

Use of ZEPBOUND has been associated with gastrointestinal adverse reactions, sometimes severe [see Adverse Reactions ]. In a pool of two ZEPBOUND clinical trials for weight reduction (Studies 1 and 2), severe gastrointestinal adverse reactions were reported more frequently among patients receiving ZEPBOUND (5 mg 1.7%, 10 mg 2.5%, 15 mg 3.1%) than placebo (1%). Similar rates of severe gastrointestinal adverse reactions were observed in ZEPBOUND clinical trials for weight reduction and in ZEPBOUND clinical trials for OSA.

ZEPBOUND has not been studied in patients with severe gastrointestinal disease, including severe gastroparesis, and is therefore not recommended in these patients.

Acute Kidney Injury

Use of ZEPBOUND has been associated with acute kidney injury, which can result from dehydration due to gastrointestinal adverse reactions to ZEPBOUND, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea [see Adverse Reactions ].

In patients treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists, there have been postmarketing reports of acute kidney injury and worsening of chronic renal failure, which may sometimes require hemodialysis. Some of these events have been reported in patients without known underlying renal disease. A majority of the reported events occurred in patients who had experienced nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or dehydration. Monitor renal function in patients reporting adverse reactions to ZEPBOUND that could lead to volume depletion.

Acute Gallbladder Disease

Treatment with ZEPBOUND and GLP-1 receptor agonists is associated with an increased occurrence of acute gallbladder disease.

In a pool of two ZEPBOUND clinical trials for weight reduction (Studies 1 and 2), cholelithiasis was reported in 1.1% of ZEPBOUND-treated patients and 1% of placebo-treated patients, cholecystitis was reported in 0.7% of ZEPBOUND-treated patients and 0.2% of placebo-treated patients, and cholecystectomy was reported in 0.2% of ZEPBOUND-treated patients and no placebo-treated patients. Acute gallbladder events were associated with weight reduction. Similar rates of cholelithiasis were reported in ZEPBOUND clinical trials for weight reduction and in ZEPBOUND trials for OSA. If cholecystitis is suspected, gallbladder diagnostic studies and appropriate clinical follow-up are indicated.

Acute Pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis, including fatal and non-fatal hemorrhagic or necrotizing pancreatitis, has been observed in patients treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists or tirzepatide.

In clinical trials of tirzepatide for a different indication, 14 events of acute pancreatitis were confirmed by adjudication in 13 tirzepatide-treated patients (0.23 patients per 100 years of exposure) versus 3 events in 3 comparator-treated patients (0.11 patients per 100 years of exposure). In a pool of two ZEPBOUND clinical trials for weight reduction (Studies 1 and 2), 0.2% of ZEPBOUND-treated patients had acute pancreatitis confirmed by adjudication (0.14 patients per 100 years of exposure) versus 0.2% of placebo-treated patients (0.15 patients per 100 years of exposure). The exposure-adjusted incidence rate for treatment-emergent adjudication-confirmed pancreatitis in the pooled clinical studies for OSA (Studies 5 and 6) was 0.84 patients per 100 years for ZEPBOUND and 0 for placebo-treated patients.

After initiation of ZEPBOUND, observe patients carefully for signs and symptoms of pancreatitis (including persistent severe abdominal pain, sometimes radiating to the back, which may or may not be accompanied by vomiting). If pancreatitis is suspected, discontinue ZEPBOUND and initiate appropriate management. Continuation of ZEPBOUND after a confirmed diagnosis of pancreatitis should be individually determined in the clinical judgment of a patient's health care provider.

Hypersensitivity Reactions

There have been postmarketing reports of serious hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis, angioedema) in patients treated with tirzepatide. In a pool of two ZEPBOUND clinical studies for weight reduction (Studies 1 and 2), 0.1% of ZEPBOUND-treated patients had severe hypersensitivity reactions compared to no placebo-treated patients. Similar rates of severe hypersensitivity reactions were observed in ZEPBOUND clinical trials for weight reduction and in ZEPBOUND trials for OSA. If hypersensitivity reactions occur, advise patients to promptly seek medical attention and discontinue use of ZEPBOUND. Do not use in patients with a previous serious hypersensitivity reaction to tirzepatide or any of the excipients in ZEPBOUND [see Contraindications and Adverse Reactions ].

Serious hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis and angioedema, have been reported with GLP-1 receptor agonists. Use caution in patients with a history of angioedema or anaphylaxis with a GLP-1 receptor agonist because it is unknown whether such patients will be predisposed to these reactions with ZEPBOUND.

Hypoglycemia

ZEPBOUND lowers blood glucose and can cause hypoglycemia.

In a trial of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and BMI ≥27 kg/m2 (Study 2), hypoglycemia (plasma glucose <54 mg/dL) was reported in 4.2% of ZEPBOUND-treated patients versus 1.3% of placebo-treated patients. In this trial, patients taking ZEPBOUND in combination with an insulin secretagogue (e.g., sulfonylurea) had increased risk of hypoglycemia (10.3%) compared to ZEPBOUND-treated patients not taking a sulfonylurea (2.1%). There is also increased risk of hypoglycemia in patients treated with tirzepatide in combination with insulin [see Drug Interactions ].

Hypoglycemia has also been associated with ZEPBOUND and GLP-1 receptor agonists in adults without type 2 diabetes mellitus [see Adverse Reactions ].

Inform patients of the risk of hypoglycemia and educate them on the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. In patients with diabetes mellitus, monitor blood glucose prior to starting ZEPBOUND and during ZEPBOUND treatment. The risk of hypoglycemia may be lowered by a reduction in the dose of insulin or sulfonylurea (or other concomitantly administered insulin secretagogue).

Diabetic Retinopathy Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Rapid improvement in glucose control has been associated with a temporary worsening of diabetic retinopathy. Tirzepatide has not been studied in patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy requiring acute therapy, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, or diabetic macular edema. Patients with a history of diabetic retinopathy should be monitored for progression of diabetic retinopathy.

Suicidal Behavior and Ideation

Suicidal behavior and ideation have been reported in clinical trials with other weight management products. Monitor patients treated with ZEPBOUND for the emergence or worsening of depression, suicidal thoughts or behaviors, and/or any unusual changes in mood or behavior. Discontinue ZEPBOUND in patients who experience suicidal thoughts or behaviors. Avoid ZEPBOUND in patients with a history of suicidal attempts or active suicidal ideation.

Pulmonary Aspiration During General Anesthesia or Deep Sedation

ZEPBOUND delays gastric emptying [see Clinical Pharmacology ]. There have been rare postmarketing reports of pulmonary aspiration in patients receiving GLP-1 receptor agonists undergoing elective surgeries or procedures requiring general anesthesia or deep sedation who had residual gastric contents despite reported adherence to preoperative fasting recommendations.

Available data are insufficient to inform recommendations to mitigate the risk of pulmonary aspiration during general anesthesia or deep sedation in patients taking ZEPBOUND, including whether modifying preoperative fasting recommendations or temporarily discontinuing ZEPBOUND could reduce the incidence of retained gastric contents. Instruct patients to inform healthcare providers prior to any planned surgeries or procedures if they are taking ZEPBOUND.

Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Postmarketing Experience

The following adverse reactions have been reported during post-approval use of tirzepatide, the active ingredient in ZEPBOUND. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or to establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Hypersensitivity: anaphylaxis, angioedema

Gastrointestinal: ileus

Pulmonary: Pulmonary aspiration has occurred in patients receiving GLP-1 receptor agonists undergoing elective surgeries or procedures requiring general anesthesia or deep sedation.

Concomitant Use with Insulin or an Insulin Secretagogue (e.g., Sulfonylurea)

ZEPBOUND lowers blood glucose. When initiating ZEPBOUND, consider reducing the dose of concomitantly administered insulin or insulin secretagogues (e.g., sulfonylureas) to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia [see Warnings and Precautions ].

Oral Medications

ZEPBOUND delays gastric emptying and thereby has the potential to impact the absorption of concomitantly administered oral medications. Caution should be exercised when oral medications are concomitantly administered with ZEPBOUND.

Monitor patients on oral medications dependent on threshold concentrations for efficacy and those with a narrow therapeutic index (e.g., warfarin) when concomitantly administered with ZEPBOUND.

Advise patients using oral hormonal contraceptives to switch to a non-oral contraceptive method, or add a barrier method of contraception, for 4 weeks after initiation with ZEPBOUND and for 4 weeks after each dose escalation. Hormonal contraceptives that are not administered orally should not be affected [see Use in Specific Populations and Clinical Pharmacology ].

Mechanism of Action

Tirzepatide is a GIP receptor and GLP-1 receptor agonist. It contains a C20 fatty diacid that enables albumin binding and prolongs the half-life. Tirzepatide selectively binds to and activates both the GIP and GLP-1 receptors, the targets for native GIP and GLP-1.

GLP-1 is a physiological regulator of appetite and caloric intake. Nonclinical studies suggest the addition of GIP may further contribute to the regulation of food intake.

Both GIP receptors and GLP-1 receptors are found in areas of the brain involved in appetite regulation. Animal studies show that tirzepatide distributes to and activates neurons in brain regions involved in regulation of appetite and food intake.

Pharmacodynamics

Tirzepatide lowers body weight with greater fat mass loss than lean mass loss.

Tirzepatide decreases calorie intake. The effects are likely mediated by affecting appetite.

Tirzepatide stimulates insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner and reduces glucagon secretion. Tirzepatide increases insulin sensitivity, as demonstrated in a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp study in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus after 28 weeks of treatment. These effects can lead to a reduction of blood glucose.

Tirzepatide delays gastric emptying. The delay is largest after the first dose and this effect diminishes over time.

Pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetics of tirzepatide is similar between healthy subjects, patients with overweight or obesity, and patients with OSA and obesity. Steady-state plasma tirzepatide concentrations were achieved following 4 weeks of once weekly administration. Tirzepatide exposure increases in a dose-proportional manner.

Immunogenicity

The observed incidence of anti-drug antibodies is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Differences in assay methods preclude meaningful comparisons of the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in the studies described below with the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in other studies.

The incidence of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) to ZEPBOUND was evaluated in adult patients with overweight or obesity or with OSA and obesity in clinical studies lasting 52 weeks or longer. Anti-tirzepatide antibodies were detected in 64.5% (1591/2467) of ZEPBOUND-treated patients in weight reduction clinical studies 1 and 2, and 60.6% (137/226) of ZEPBOUND-treated patients in OSA clinical studies [see Clinical Studies ].

Of the ZEPBOUND-treated patients in weight reduction clinical studies 40% and 16.5% of patients developed antibodies that were cross-reactive to native GIP or native GLP-1, respectively.

Of the ZEPBOUND-treated patients in OSA clinical studies, 37.2% and 19.5% of patients developed antibodies that were cross reactive to native GIP and native GLP-1, respectively.

Neutralizing antibodies against tirzepatide activity on the GIP or GLP-1 receptors and against native GIP or GLP-1 were detected in 2.8% and 2.7% and 0.8% and 0.1% respectively, of ZEPBOUND-treated patients in weight reduction clinical studies.

No ZEPBOUND-treated patients in OSA studies developed neutralizing antibodies against tirzepatide activity on the GIP or GLP-1 receptors or against native GIP or native GLP-1.

No clinically significant effect of anti-tirzepatide antibodies on pharmacokinetics or effectiveness of ZEPBOUND has been identified. More ZEPBOUND-treated patients who developed anti-tirzepatide antibodies experienced hypersensitivity reactions or injection site reactions than those who did not develop these antibodies [see Adverse Reactions ].

Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility

A 2-year carcinogenicity study was conducted with tirzepatide in male and female rats at doses of 0.15, 0.50, and 1.5 mg/kg (0.1-, 0.4-, and 1-fold the MRHD of 15 mg once weekly based on AUC) administered by subcutaneous injection twice weekly. A statistically significant increase in thyroid C-cell adenomas was observed in male rats (≥0.5 mg/kg) and female rats (≥0.15 mg/kg), and a statistically significant increase in thyroid C-cell adenomas and carcinomas combined was observed in male and female rats at all doses examined. In a 6-month carcinogenicity study in rasH2 transgenic mice, tirzepatide at doses of 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg administered by subcutaneous injection twice weekly was not tumorigenic.

Tirzepatide was not genotoxic in a rat bone marrow micronucleus assay.

In fertility and early embryonic development studies, male and female rats were administered twice weekly subcutaneous doses of 0.5, 1.5, or 3 mg/kg (0.3-, 1-, and 2-fold and 0.3-, 0.9-, and 2-fold, respectively, the MRHD of 15 mg once weekly based on AUC). No effects of tirzepatide were observed on sperm morphology, mating, fertility, and conception. In female rats, an increase in the number of females with prolonged diestrus and a decrease in the mean number of corpora lutea resulting in a decrease in the mean number of implantation sites and viable embryos was observed at all dose levels. These effects were considered secondary to the pharmacological effects of tirzepatide on food consumption and body weight.

Weight Reduction and Long-Term Maintenance Studies in Adults with Obesity or Overweight

Weight Reduction in Adults with Obesity or Overweight, with or without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Study 1 and Study 2)

Overview of Study 1 and Study 2

The efficacy of ZEPBOUND for weight reduction in conjunction with a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity was studied in two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled fixed-dosage trials (Study 1 and Study 2) in adults aged 18 years and older. In Studies 1 and 2, all patients received a standard lifestyle intervention which included instruction on a reduced-calorie diet (approximately 500 kcal/day deficit) and increased physical activity counseling (recommended minimum of 150 min/week) that began with the first dose of study medication or placebo and continued throughout the trial. Patients also received counseling on behavior modification strategies to adhere to diet and exercise recommendations. In both trials, weight reduction was assessed after 72 weeks of treatment (at least 52 weeks at maintenance dose).

Study 1 (NCT04184622) was a 72-week trial that enrolled 2,539 adult patients with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2), or with overweight (BMI 27 to <30 kg/m2) and at least one weight-related comorbid condition, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, or cardiovascular disease; patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were excluded. Patients were randomized in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to once weekly fixed dosage of ZEPBOUND 5 mg, ZEPBOUND 10 mg, ZEPBOUND 15 mg, or placebo, with an escalation period of up to 20 weeks followed by the maintenance period. At baseline, mean age was 45 years (range 18-84 years), 68% were female, 71% were White, 11% were Asian, 9% were American Indian/Alaska Native, and 8% were Black or African American. A total of 48% were Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. Mean baseline body weight was 104.8 kg and mean BMI was 38 kg/m2. Baseline characteristics included 32% with hypertension, 30% with dyslipidemia, 8% with obstructive sleep apnea, and 3% with cardiovascular disease.

Study 2 (NCT04657003) was a 72-week trial that enrolled 938 adult patients with BMI ≥27 kg/m2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients included in the trial had HbA1c 7-10% and were treated with either diet and exercise alone, or any oral anti-hyperglycemic agent except dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists. Patients who were taking insulin or injectable GLP-1 receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes mellitus were excluded. Patients were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to once weekly fixed dosage of ZEPBOUND 10 mg, ZEPBOUND 15 mg, or placebo with an escalation period of up to 20 weeks followed by the maintenance period. At baseline, mean age was 54 years (range 18-85 years), 51% were female, 76% were White, 13% were Asian, and 8% were Black or African American. A total of 60% were Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. Mean baseline body weight was 100.7 kg and mean BMI was 36.1 kg/m2. Baseline characteristics included 66% with hypertension, 61% with dyslipidemia, 8% with obstructive sleep apnea, and 10% with cardiovascular disease.

Results for Study 1 and Study 2

The proportions of patients who discontinued study drug in Study 1 were 14.3%, 16.4%, and 15.1% for the 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg ZEPBOUND-treated groups, respectively, and 26.4% for the placebo-treated group. The proportions of patients who discontinued study drug in Study 2 were 9.3% and 13.8% for the 10 mg and 15 mg ZEPBOUND-treated groups, respectively, and 14.9% for the placebo-treated group.

For Studies 1 and 2, weight reduction was assessed after 72 weeks of treatment (at least 52 weeks at maintenance dose). In both studies, the primary efficacy parameters were mean percent change in body weight and the percentage of patients achieving ≥5% weight reduction from baseline to Week 72 (see Table 2).

After 72 weeks of treatment, ZEPBOUND resulted in a statistically significant reduction in body weight compared with placebo, and greater proportions of patients treated with ZEPBOUND 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg achieved at least 5% weight reduction compared to placebo. Among patients treated with ZEPBOUND 10 mg and 15 mg, greater proportions of patients achieved at least 10%, 15%, and 20% weight reduction compared to placebo (see Table 2). A reduction in body weight was observed with ZEPBOUND irrespective of age, sex, race, ethnicity, baseline BMI, and glycemic status.

Table 2: Changes in Body Weight at Week 72 in Studies 1 and 2 in Patients with Obesity or Overweight

Abbreviations: ANCOVA = analysis of covariance; CI = confidence interval; N = number of patients randomly assigned to study drug.
a The intention-to-treat population includes all randomly assigned patients. For Study 1 at Week 72, body weight was missing for 21.6%, 10.2%, 10.5%, and 9.4% of patients randomly assigned to placebo, ZEPBOUND 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg, respectively. For Study 2 at Week 72, body weight was missing for 11.1%, 4.8%, and 8.4% of patients randomly assigned to placebo, ZEPBOUND 10 mg, and 15 mg, respectively. The missing values were imputed by a hybrid approach using retrieved dropouts from the same treatment group (if missing not due to COVID-19) or using all non-missing data assuming missing at random (for missing solely due to COVID-19).
b Least-squares mean from ANCOVA adjusted for baseline value and other stratification factors.
c Analyzed using logistic regression adjusted for baseline value.
d p-value<0.001 (unadjusted 2-sided) for superiority, controlled for type I error rate.
e Not controlled for type I error rate.
	Study 1				Study 2
Intention-to-Treat (ITT) Populationa	Placebo N = 643	ZEPBOUND 5 mg N = 630	ZEPBOUND 10 mg N = 636	ZEPBOUND 15 mg N = 630	Placebo N = 315	ZEPBOUND 10 mg N = 312	ZEPBOUND 15 mg N = 311
Body Weight
Baseline mean (kg)	104.8	102.9	105.8	105.6	101.7	100.9	99.6
% Change from baselineb	-3.1	-15.0	-19.5	-20.9	-3.2	-12.8	-14.7
% Difference from placebob       (95% CI)		-11.9 (-13.4, _10.4)d	-16.4 (_17.9, -14.8)d	-17.8 (_19.3, -16.3)d		-9.6 (-11.1, -8.1)d	-11.6 (-13.0, -10.1)d
% of Patients losing ≥5% body weight	34.5	85.1	88.9	90.9	32.5	79.2	82.8
% Difference from placebo       (95% CI)		50.3 (44.3, 56.2)c,d	54.6 (49.1, 60.0)c,d	56.4 (50.9, 62.0)c,d		46.8 (39.5, 54.1)c,d	50.4 (43.1, 57.8)c,d
% of Patients losing ≥10% body weight	18.8	68.5	78.1	83.5	9.5	60.5	64.8
% Difference from placebo       (95% CI)		49.3 (43.6, 54.9)c,e	59.5 (54.2, 64.9)c,d	64.8 (59.6, 70.1)c,d		51.0 (44.4, 57.7)c,d	55.3 (48.6, 62.0)c,d
% of Patients losing ≥15% body weight	8.8	48.0	66.6	70.6	2.7	39.7	48.0
% Difference from placebo       (95% CI)		38.7 (33.6, 43.7)c,e	58.1 (53.2, 63.0)c,d	62.0 (57.2, 66.8)c,d		37.0 (31.1, 42.9)c,d	45.4 (39.4, 51.4)c,d
% of Patients losing ≥20% body weight	3.1	30.0	50.1	56.7	1.0	21.5	30.8
% Difference from placebo       (95% CI)		26.6 (22.4, 30.7)c,e	47.3 (42.7, 51.9)c,d	53.8 (49.3, 58.3)c,d		20.5 (15.7, 25.4)c,d	29.7 (24.3, 35.0)c,d

The cumulative frequency distributions of change in body weight are shown in Figure 1 for Study 1 and Figure 2 for Study 2. One way to interpret this figure is to select a change in body weight of interest on the horizontal axis and note the corresponding proportions of patients (vertical axis) in each treatment group who achieved at least that degree of weight reduction. For example, note that the vertical line arising from -10% in Figure 1 intersects the ZEPBOUND 15 mg and placebo curves at approximately 83.5%, and 18.8%, respectively, which correspond to the values shown in Table 2.

Figure 1: Changes in Body Weight (%) from Baseline to Week 72 in Study 1 in Patients with Obesity or Overweight (without Type 2 Diabetes)

Note: Based on average percent weight change of each randomized patient within each specific treatment arm from 100 imputed datasets including observed data and imputed data using hybrid approach for missing values.

Figure 2: Changes in Body Weight (%) from Baseline to Week 72 in Study 2 in Patients with Obesity or Overweight and Type 2 Diabetes

Note: Based on average percent weight change of each randomized patient within each specific treatment arm from 100 imputed datasets including observed data and imputed data using hybrid approach for missing values.

The time courses of weight reduction with ZEPBOUND and placebo from baseline through Week 72 are depicted in Figure 3 for Study 1 and Figure 4 for Study 2.

Figure 3: Change from Baseline (%) in Body Weight in Study 1 in Patients with Obesity or Overweight (without Type 2 Diabetes)

Note: Displayed results are from the Intent-to-Treat Population. (1) Observed mean value from Week 0 to Week 72, and (2) least-squares mean ± standard error at Week 72 hybrid imputation (HI).

Figure 4: Change from Baseline (%) in Body Weight in Study 2 in Patients with Obesity or Overweight and Type 2 Diabetes

Note: Displayed results are from the Intent-to-Treat Population. (1) Observed mean value from Week 0 to Week 72, and (2) least squares mean ± standard error at Week 72 hybrid imputation (HI).

Changes in waist circumference and cardiometabolic parameters with ZEPBOUND are shown in Table 3 for Study 1 and Study 2.

Table 3: Changes in Anthropometry and Cardiometabolic Parameters at Week 72 in Studies 1 and 2 in Patients with Obesity or Overweight

Abbreviations: ANCOVA = analysis of covariance; CI = confidence interval; N = number of patients randomly assigned to study drug.
a The intention-to-treat population includes all randomly assigned patients. The missing values were imputed by a hybrid approach using retrieved dropouts from the same treatment group (if missing not due to COVID-19) or using all non-missing data assuming missing at random (for missing solely due to COVID-19).
b Least-squares mean from ANCOVA adjusted for baseline value and other stratification factors.
c Analyzed using log-transformed data.
d p-value<0.001 (unadjusted 2-sided) for superiority, controlled for type I error rate.
e Not controlled for type I error rate.
f Least-squares mean from mixed model for repeated measures adjusted for baseline value and other stratification factors.
g Baseline value is the geometric mean.
	Study 1				Study 2
Intention-to-Treat (ITT) Populationa	Placebo N = 643	ZEPBOUND 5 mg N = 630	ZEPBOUND 10 mg N = 636	ZEPBOUND 15 mg N = 630	Placebo N = 315	ZEPBOUND 10 mg N = 312	ZEPBOUND 15 mg N = 311
Waist Circumference (cm)
Baseline mean	114.0	113.2	114.8	114.4	116.0	114.2	114.6
Change from baselineb	-4.0	-14.0	-17.7	-18.5	-3.3	-10.8	-13.1
Difference from      placebob (95% CI)		-10.1 (-11.6, -8.6)e	-13.8 (-15.2, -12.3)d	-14.5 (-15.9, -13.0)d		-7.4 (-9.0, -5.9)d	-9.8 (-11.2, -8.3)d
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)
Baseline mean	122.9	123.6	123.8	123.0	131.0	130.6	130.0
Change from baselineb	-1.0	-6.6	-7.7	-7.4	-1.2	-5.6	-7.1
Difference from      placebob (95% CI)		-5.6 (-7.2, -3.9)e	-6.7 (-8.4, -5.0)e	-6.4 (-8.0, -4.8)e		-4.4 (-6.7, -2.1)e	-5.9 (-8.3, -3.6)e
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)
Baseline mean	79.6	79.3	79.9	79.3	79.4	80.2	79.7
Change from baselineb	-0.8	-4.9	-5.0	-4.5	-0.3	-2.1	-2.9
Difference from      placebob (95% CI)		-4.1 (-5.2, -3.0)e	-4.2 (-5.3, -3.0)e	-3.7 (-4.8, -2.7)e		-1.8 (-3.3, -0.4)e	-2.7 (-4.2, -1.2)e
Pulse Rate (beats per minute)
Baseline mean	72.9	72.4	71.8	72.4	74.8	75.9	75.6
Change from baselinef	0.1	0.6	2.3	2.6	-0.5	0.6	1.0
Difference from      placebof (95% CI)		0.5 (-0.5, 1.5)e	2.2 (1.2, 3.2)e	2.5 (1.5, 3.4)e		1.2 (-0.1, 2.5)e	1.5 (0.2, 2.8)e
Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)
Baseline meang	187.5	187.1	190.6	187.5	174.9	173.9	167.0
% change from      baselineb	-1.8	-3.8	-4.4	-6.3	2.8	-2.8	-1.0
Relative difference      from placebob (95% CI)		-2.1 (-4.5, 0.4)c,e	-2.7 (-5.1, -0.2)c,e	-4.6 (-6.8, -2.2)c,e		-5.5 (-8.7, -2.2)c,e	-3.8 (-7.1, -0.3)c,e
LDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)
Baseline meang	109.4	108.7	112.3	109.3	92.4	90.5	85.7
% change from      baselineb	-1.7	-4.6	-5.6	-7.1	7.4	1.8	4.1
Relative difference      from placebob (95% CI)		-2.9 (-6.6, 0.9)c,e	-4.0 (-7.5, -0.5)c,e	-5.5 (-8.9, -2.0)c,e		-5.2 (-10.1, 0.1)c,e	-3.0 (-8.4, 2.6)c,e
HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)
Baseline meang	46.6	47.6	47.6	47.6	42.7	43.8	42.2
% change from      baselineb	-0.7	6.9	9.2	8.0	0.2	8.2	9.7
Relative difference      from placebob (95% CI)		7.7 (4.6, 10.8)c,e	9.9 (6.7, 13.2)c,e	8.7 (5.7, 11.8)c,e		8.0 (4.2, 11.8)c,e	9.5 (5.6, 13.5)c,e
Non-HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)
Baseline meang	138.3	137.0	140.4	137.5	129.6	127.2	121.9
% change from      baselineb	-2.3	-8.0	-9.4	-11.7	3.7	-6.6	-5.2
Relative difference      from placebob (95% CI)		-5.8 (-8.9, -2.6)c,e	-7.2 (-10.3, -4.1)c,e	-9.6 (-12.4, -6.6)c,e		-9.9 (-14.1, -5.6)c,e	-8.5 (-12.9, -4.0)c,e
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
Baseline meang	130.8	128.7	125.7	128.1	165.0	158.8	158.5
% change from      baselineb	-5.6	-21.2	-23.8	-29.1	-3.3	-27.1	-27.3
Relative difference      from placebob (95% CI)		-16.5 (-21.2, -11.4)c,e	-19.3 (-23.9, -14.4)c,e	-24.9 (-29.1, -20.4)c,e		-24.6 (-30.0, -18.7)c,e	-24.8 (-30.3, -18.9)c,e
HbA1c (%)
Baseline mean	5.6	5.6	5.5	5.6	8.0	8.0	8.1
Change from baselineb	-0.1	-0.4	-0.4	-0.4	-0.5	-2.1	-2.1
Difference from      placebob (95% CI)		-0.3 (-0.3, -0.2)e	-0.4 (-0.4, -0.3)e	-0.4 (-0.4, -0.3)e		-1.6 (-1.7, -1.4)d	-1.6 (-1.8, -1.4)d

Weight Reduction Following Intensive Lifestyle Intervention in Adults with Obesity or Overweight (Study 3)

Overview of Study 3

Study 3 (NCT04657016) was an 84-week trial with a 12-week intensive lifestyle intervention lead-in period (Week -12 to Week 0), followed by a 72-week randomized treatment period of ZEPBOUND versus placebo (Week 0 to Week 72) with a standard lifestyle intervention. Only patients who lost ≥5% body weight during the 12-week intensive lifestyle lead-in period entered the 72-week randomized treatment period. The trial initially enrolled 806 adult patients (aged 18 years and older) with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2), or with overweight (BMI 27 to <30 kg/m2) and at least one weight-related comorbid condition, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, or cardiovascular disease; patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were excluded. During the intensive lifestyle intervention lead-in period, lifestyle instruction was delivered 8 times over 12 weeks by a dietician or dietician-equivalent, with all patients receiving instruction to exercise for at least 150 minutes per week and to reduce their caloric intake to approximately 1,200 kcal/day (females) or 1,500 kcal/day (males). Patients also received counseling on behavior modification strategies to adhere to diet and exercise recommendations. At the end of the 12-week intensive lifestyle intervention lead-in period, 579 patients who achieved ≥5% weight reduction were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to ZEPBOUND or placebo for 72 weeks. ZEPBOUND dosages were escalated over a period of up to 20 weeks to a maximum tolerated dosage (MTD) of 10 mg or 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly. During the randomized treatment period, patients received a standard lifestyle instruction every 12 weeks on reduced-calorie diet (approximately 500 kcal/day deficit) and increased physical activity (recommended minimum of 150 min/week) that began with the first dose of ZEPBOUND or placebo and continued throughout the 72-week treatment period; behavior modification strategies were recommended as needed. Weight reduction was assessed after 72 weeks of treatment (at least 52 weeks at maintenance dose).

For the 579 patients who were randomized, mean body weight at enrollment prior to entering the 12-week lifestyle lead-in period (Week -12) was 109.5 kg and mean BMI was 38.6 kg/m2. At randomization (Week 0), after the 12-week intensive lifestyle lead-in period, mean body weight was 101.9 kg and mean BMI was 35.9 kg/m2. The mean age of patients randomized to treatment was 46 years (range 18-77 years), 63% were female, 86% were White, 11% were Black or African American, and 1% were Asian. A total of 54% were Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. Baseline characteristics for the 579 randomized patients included 34% with hypertension, 26% with dyslipidemia, 10% with obstructive sleep apnea, and 2% with cardiovascular disease.

Results for Study 3

At the end of the 12-week intensive lifestyle intervention lead-in, for patients who subsequently entered the randomized treatment period (n=579), the average body weight loss due to lifestyle was 6.9% (Week -12 to Week 0). Eighty-six percent (86%) of ZEPBOUND-treated patients had a maximum tolerated dosage of 15 mg weekly based on their final dose during the double-blind treatment period. The time course of weight reduction during the lead-in and from Week 0 to Week 72 with ZEPBOUND and placebo are depicted in Figure 5.

Figure 5: Change in Body Weight (%) After 12-Week Intensive Lifestyle Intervention Lead-In Followed by Randomized Treatment and a Standard Lifestyle Intervention (Study 3) in Patients with Obesity or Overweight

Note: Displayed results are from the randomized Population. (1) Observed mean value from Week -12 to Week 72, and (2) least squares mean ± standard error at Week 72 hybrid imputation (HI). Change from Week -12 is not a primary endpoint in Study 3.

The proportions of patients who discontinued study drug after randomization were 21.3% for the ZEPBOUND-treated group and 30.5% for the placebo-treated group.

For Study 3, the primary efficacy parameters were mean percent change in body weight from randomization (Week 0) to Week 72 and the percentage of patients achieving ≥5% weight reduction from randomization (Week 0) to Week 72. Amongst randomized patients who already lost ≥5% body weight during the 12-week intensive lifestyle lead-in period, subsequent treatment with ZEPBOUND resulted in a statistically significant reduction in body weight compared to placebo from randomization (Week 0) to Week 72. A greater proportion of patients treated with ZEPBOUND achieved at least 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% weight reduction from Week 0 to Week 72 compared to placebo (see Table 4).

Table 4: Changes in Body Weight After 12-Week Intensive Lifestyle Intervention Lead-In Followed by Randomized Treatment and a Standard Lifestyle Intervention (Study 3) in Patients with Obesity or Overweight

Abbreviations: ANCOVA = analysis of covariance; CI = confidence interval; MTD = maximum tolerated dose; N = number of patients randomly assigned to study drug.
a The intent-to-treat population included only randomized patients with ≥5% weight loss at Week 0 after 12 weeks of intensive lifestyle intervention. During the 12-week lead-in period, 227 of 806 patients (28.2%) discontinued from the study. Of these 141 (17.5%) discontinued due to not achieving the randomization criteria of ≥5% weight reduction.
b The intent-to-treat population includes all randomly assigned patients. For Study 3 at Week 72, body weight was missing for 23.6% and 8.7% of patients randomly assigned to placebo and ZEPBOUND MTD (10 or 15 mg). The missing values were imputed by a hybrid approach using retrieved dropouts from the same treatment group (if missing not due to COVID-19) or using all non-missing data assuming missing at random (for missing solely due to COVID-19).
c Least-squares mean from ANCOVA adjusted for baseline value and other stratification factors.
d Analyzed using logistic regression adjusted for baseline value.
e p-value<0.001 (unadjusted 2-sided) for superiority, controlled for type I error rate.
	Study 3                                  N = 579a
Body weight
Mean (kg) at Week -12	109.5
Intention-to-Treat (ITT) Populationa,b	Placebo N = 292	ZEPBOUND MTD (10 mg or 15 mg) N = 287
Body Weight
Mean (kg) at Week 0	101.3	102.5
% Change from randomization at Week 72c	2.5	-18.4
% Difference from placebo, at Week 72c       (95% CI)		-20.8 (-23.2, -18.5)e
% of Patients losing ≥5% body weight	16.5	87.5
% Difference from placebo       (95% CI)		71.1 (63.6, 78.5)d,e
% of Patients losing ≥10% body weight	8.9	76.7
% Difference from placebo       (95% CI)		67.9 (60.7, 75.1)d,e
% of Patients losing ≥15% body weight	4.2	65.4
% Difference from placebo       (95% CI)		61.3 (54.5, 68.1)d,e
% of Patients losing ≥20% body weight	2.2	44.7
% Difference from placebo       (95% CI)		42.6 (36.0, 49.1)d,e

Changes in waist circumference and cardiometabolic parameters are shown in Table 5.

Table 5: Changes in Anthropometry and Cardiometabolic Parameters After 12-Week Intensive Lifestyle Intervention Lead-In Followed by Randomized Treatment and a Standard Lifestyle Intervention (Study 3) in Patients with Obesity or Overweight

Abbreviations: ANCOVA = analysis of covariance; CI = confidence interval; N = number of patients randomly assigned to study drug.
a The intent-to-treat population included all randomly assigned patients. The missing values were imputed by a hybrid approach using retrieved dropouts from the same treatment group (if missing not due to COVID-19) or using all non-missing data assuming missing at random (for missing solely due to COVID-19).
b Least-squares mean from ANCOVA adjusted for baseline value and other stratification factors.
c Analyzed using log-transformed data.
d p-value<0.001 (unadjusted 2-sided) for superiority, controlled for type I error rate.
e Not controlled for type I error rate.
f Least-squares mean from mixed model for repeated measures adjusted for baseline value and other stratification factors.
g Baseline and randomization values are the geometric mean.
h Observed means are shown for change from Week -12 to Week 0. Least-square means are shown for change from Week 0 to Week 72.
Intention-to-Treat (ITT) Populationa	All Randomized Patients N=579		Placebo N=292		ZEPBOUND MTD (10 mg or 15 mg) N=287
	Baseline (Week-12)	Change from Week-12 to Week 0	Randomization (Week 0)	Change from Week 0 to Week 72	Randomization (Week 0)	Change from Week 0 to Week 72	Difference from placebo, Week 0 to Week 72 (95% CI)
Waist circumference (cm)h	116.1	-6.7	109.6	0.2b	109.3	-14.6b	-14.8b (-17.2, -12.5)d
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)h	126.2	-5.0	120.8	3.5b	121.7	-5.1b	-8.6b (-11.3, -6.0)e
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)h	81.7	-2.9	78.3	2.1b	79.3	-3.2b	-5.3b (-6.9, -3.7)e
Pulse Rate (beats per minute)h	73.0	-1.6	70.7	0.9f	72.2	2.7f	1.8f (0.3, 3.4)e
HbA1c (%)h	5.5	-0.1	5.4	0.0b	5.3	-0.4b	-0.4b (-0.5, -0.3)e
Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)g,h	190.2	-8.6	181.6	4.3	181.7	-2.4	-6.4b (-9.0, -3.6)c,e
LDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)g,h	111.6	-3.5	107.5	4.4	108.0	-5.6	-9.6b (-13.7, -5.4)c,e
HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)g,h	48.4	-1.2	47.8	5.4	46.9	15.2	9.3b (4.5, 14.2)c,e
Non-HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)g,h	139.2	-7.4	131.5	4.4	132.4	-8.8	-12.6b (-15.9, -9.3)c,e
Triglycerides (mg/dL)g,h	123.1	-19.8	108.8	2.1	111.7	-23.5	-25.1b (-30.9, -18.9)c,e

Weight Reduction Following Randomized Withdrawal in Adults with Obesity or Overweight (Study 4)

Overview of Study 4

Study 4 (NCT04660643) was an 88-week randomized withdrawal trial in which all patients received open-label ZEPBOUND during a 36-week lead-in period, followed by randomization to either continue ZEPBOUND or switch to placebo for 52 weeks. The trial enrolled 783 adult patients (aged 18 years and older) with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2), or with overweight (BMI 27 to <30 kg/m2) and at least one weight-related comorbid condition, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, or cardiovascular disease; patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were excluded. All patients received a standard lifestyle intervention which included instruction on a reduced-calorie diet (approximately 500 kcal/day deficit) and increased physical activity counseling (recommended minimum of 150 min/week) that began with the first dose of ZEPBOUND, during the lead-in period, and continued throughout the trial. During the 36-week open-label ZEPBOUND lead-in period, ZEPBOUND dosages were escalated over a period of up to 20 weeks to an MTD of 10 mg or 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly. After the lead-in period, patients were randomized at Week 36 to continue ZEPBOUND or switch to placebo for 52 weeks.

Of the 783 patients who started ZEPBOUND at Week 0, 14.4% discontinued treatment before randomization at Week 36, and adverse events were the most common reason for discontinuation (6.8%). At Week 36, a total of 670 patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to ZEPBOUND MTD or placebo for 52 weeks. For the 670 randomized patients, at study entry (Week 0) mean body weight was 107.3 kg and mean BMI was 38.4 kg/m2, and at randomization (Week 36, after the open-label ZEPBOUND lead-in period) mean body weight was 85.2 kg and mean BMI was 30.5 kg/m2. Among the randomized patients, the mean age was 49 years (range 19-81 years), 71% were female, 80% were White, 11% were Black or African American, and 7% were Asian. A total of 44% were Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. Baseline characteristics for the 670 randomized patients included 35% with hypertension, 32% with dyslipidemia, 12% with obstructive sleep apnea, and 6% with cardiovascular disease.

Results for Study 4

At the end of the 36-week open-label ZEPBOUND lead-in period, of the 670 randomized patients, 93% were on ZEPBOUND MTD of 15 mg weekly and 7% were on MTD of 10 mg weekly. After open-label ZEPBOUND treatment, randomized patients (n=670) had an average body weight loss of 20.9% (Week 0 to Week 36). The time course of weight reduction from Week 0 through Week 88 is depicted in Figure 6.

Figure 6: Change in Body Weight (%) After 36-Week Open-Label Treatment Followed by Randomized Withdrawal (Study 4) in Patients with Obesity or Overweight

Note: Displayed results are from the randomized population. (1) Displayed results are observed mean value from Week 0 to Week 88 and (2) least squares mean ± standard error at Week 88 hybrid imputation (HI). Change from Week 0 was not a primary endpoint in Study 4.

The proportions of patients who discontinued study drug after randomization at Week 36 were 10.4% for the ZEPBOUND-treated group and 17.9% for the placebo-treated group.

For Study 4, the primary efficacy parameter was mean percent change in body weight from randomization (Week 36) to Week 88. After weight loss with ZEPBOUND treatment during the open-label lead-in period (Week 0 to Week 36), continued treatment with ZEPBOUND from randomization (Week 36) to Week 88 resulted in a statistically significant reduction in body weight compared with placebo (see Table 6).

Table 6: Changes in Body Weight After 36-Week Open-Label Treatment Followed by Randomized Withdrawal (Study 4) in Patients with Obesity or Overweight

Abbreviations: ANCOVA = analysis of covariance; CI = confidence interval; MTD = maximum tolerated dose; N = number of patients randomly assigned to study drug.
a The intent-to-treat population included all randomly assigned patients and did not include 113 patients who were enrolled but not randomized. At Week 88, body weight was missing for 13.7% and 7.5% of patients randomly assigned to placebo and ZEPBOUND MTD (10 or 15 mg), respectively. The missing values were imputed by a hybrid approach using retrieved dropouts from the same treatment group (if missing not due to COVID-19) or using all non-missing data assuming missing at random (for missing solely due to COVID-19).
b Least-squares mean from ANCOVA adjusted for baseline value and other stratification factors.
c p-value<0.001 (unadjusted 2-sided) for superiority, controlled for type I error rate.
	Study 4 N=670a
Body weight
Mean at Week 0 (kg)	107.3
Intention-to-Treat (ITT) Populationa	Placebo N=335	ZEPBOUND (MTD 10 mg or 15 mg) N=335
Body Weight
Mean at Week 36 (kg)	85.8	84.6
% change from Week 36 at Week 88b	14.0	-5.5
% difference from placebo at Week 88       (95% CI)b		-19.4 (-21.2, -17.7)c

Changes in waist circumference and cardiometabolic parameters in Study 4 are shown in Table 7.

Table 7: Mean Changes in Anthropometry and Cardiometabolic Parameters After 36-Week Open-Label Treatment Followed by Randomized Withdrawal (Study 4) in Patients with Obesity or Overweight

Abbreviations: ANCOVA = analysis of covariance; CI = confidence interval; N = number of patients randomly assigned to study drug.
a The intent-to-treat population included all randomly assigned patients. The missing values were imputed by a hybrid approach using retrieved dropouts from the same treatment group (if missing not due to COVID-19) or using all non-missing data assuming missing at random (for missing solely due to COVID-19).
b Least-squares mean from ANCOVA adjusted for baseline value and other stratification factors.
c Analyzed using log-transformed data.
d p-value<0.001 (unadjusted 2-sided) for superiority, controlled for type I error rate.
e Not controlled for type I error rate.
f Least-squares mean from mixed model for repeated measures adjusted for baseline value and other stratification factors.
g Baseline and randomization values are the geometric mean.
h Observed means are shown for change from Week 0 to Week 36. Least-square means are shown for change from Week 36 to Week 88.
Intention-to-Treat (ITT) Populationa	All Randomized Patients N=670		Placebo N=335		ZEPBOUND MTD (10 mg or 15 mg) N=335
	Baseline (Week 0)	Change from Week 0 to Week 36	Randomization (Week 36)	Change from Week 36 to Week 88	Randomization (Week 36)	Change from Week 36 to Week 88	Difference from placebo, Week 36 to Week 88 (95% CI)
Waist circumference (cm)h	115.2	-17.8	98.2	7.8b	96.8	-4.3b	-12.1b (-13.5, -10.6)d
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)h	126.1	-11.2	114.8	8.2b	115.0	2.0b	-6.2b (-8.2, -4.3)e
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)h	80.9	-5.1	76.2	3.2b	75.4	-0.7b	-3.8b (-5.2, -2.4)e
Pulse Rate (beats per minute)h	72.5	5.0	77.8	-5.2f	77.1	-2.1f	3.1f (1.9, 4.3)e
HbA1c (%)h	5.5	-0.5	5.0	0.3b	5.1	-0.0b	-0.3b (-0.3, -0.2)e
Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)g,h	188.3	-12.4	176.1	8.0	175.9	2.7	-4.9b (-7.4, -2.4)c,e
LDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)g,h	108.6	-1.9	107.6	3.2	105.9	-3.5	-6.5b (-10.0, -2.9)c,e
HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)g,h	49.9	-2.7	47.3	14.8	47.7	18.7	3.4b (0.2, 6.6)c,e
Non-HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)g,h	135.8	-9.8	126.3	5.1	126.0	-3.4	-8.1b (-11.3, -4.8)c,e
Triglycerides (mg/dL)g,h	121.4	-40.4	85.5	13.5	90.9	-4.8	-16.1b (-21.7, -10.0)c,e

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Studies in Adults with Obesity

Results for Study 5 and Study 6

The primary endpoint for Studies 5 and 6 was the change from baseline in the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) at Week 52. Patients in Study 5 were unable or unwilling to use PAP therapy, and patients in Study 6 were on PAP therapy and instructed to suspend PAP for 7 days prior to assessment of the primary endpoint. The clinical studies for OSA did not evaluate the timing or appropriateness of PAP discontinuation in patients who were previously compliant with PAP therapy.

In Studies 5 and 6, treatment with ZEPBOUND for 52 weeks resulted in a statistically significant reduction in AHI compared with placebo, and greater proportions of patients treated with ZEPBOUND achieved remission or mild non-symptomatic OSA compared to placebo. Table 9 provides the efficacy results for Studies 5 and 6. A reduction in AHI was observed with ZEPBOUND irrespective of age, sex, ethnicity, baseline BMI, or baseline OSA severity. In both Studies 5 and 6, patients treated with ZEPBOUND achieved a greater reduction in systolic blood pressure and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels compared to placebo.

Table 9: Changes in Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), Hypoxic Burden, and Body Weight at Week 52 in Study 5 and Study 6

Abbreviations: AHI = Apnea-Hypopnea Index; ANCOVA = analysis of covariance; CI = confidence interval; ESS = Epworth Sleepiness Scale; h = hour; MTD = maximum tolerated dose; N = number of participants randomly assigned and received at least 1 dose of study drug.
a Analyses were based on the modified intent-to-treat population which was defined as randomly assigned participants who were exposed to at least 1 dose of study intervention; two participants in Study 6 were randomized but did not receive study drug.
b Least-squares mean from ANCOVA adjusted for baseline values and stratification factors, with multiple imputation for missing data at Week 52.
c Analyzed using log transformed data.
d Calculated by combining proportion of participants achieving target in imputed datasets.
e p-value <0.001 (unadjusted 2-sided) for superiority, controlled for multiplicity.
f Baseline value is the geometric mean.
Modified Intent-to-Treat (mITT) Populationa	Study 5		Study 6
	Placebo N = 120	ZEPBOUND MTD (10 mg or 15 mg) N = 114	Placebo N = 114	ZEPBOUND MTD (10 mg or 15 mg) N = 119
AHI (events/hr)
Baseline mean	50.1	52.9	53.1	46.1
Change from baselineb	-5.3	-25.3	-5.5	-29.3
Difference from placebob (95% CI)	-20 (-25.8, -14.2)e		-23.8 (-29.6, -17.9)e
% change in AHI
% change from baselineb	-3	-50.7	-2.5	-58.7
% difference from placebob (95% CI)	-47.7 (-65.8, -29.6)e		-56.2 (-73.7, -38.7)e
% of patients with ≥50% reduction in AHId	19	61.2	23.3	72.4
% difference from placebo (95% CI)	42.8 (30.8, 54.8)e		48.6 (36.6, 60.7)e
Remission or mild non-symptomatic OSA
% of Patients with AHI <5 or AHI 5-14 and ESS≤10d	15.9	42.2	14.3	50.2
% difference from placebo (95% CI)	28.7 (18.3, 39.2)e		33.2 (22.1, 44.3)e
Sleep apnea-specific hypoxic burden (% min/h)
Baseline meanf	137.8	153.6	142.1	132.2
Change from baselineb	-25.1	-95.2	-41.7	-103
Difference from placebob (95% CI)	-70.1 (-90.9, -49.3)c,e		-61.3 (-84.7, -37.9)c,e
Body weight (kg)
Baseline mean	112.8	116.7	115.1	115.8
% change from baselineb	-1.6	-17.7	-2.3	-19.6
% difference from placebob (95% CI)	-16.1 (-18, -14.2)e		-17.3 (-19.3, -15.3)e

The time course of change in AHI with ZEPBOUND and placebo from baseline through Week 52 are shown in Figure 7 for Study 5. Similar results were demonstrated for Study 6.

Figure 7: Change from Baseline in Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) Through Week 52 (Study 5)

Abbreviations: AHI = Apnea-Hypopnea Index; ANCOVA = analysis of covariance; MI = multiple imputation; MTD = maximum tolerated dose.

Note: Displayed results are from modified Intent-to-Treat Population. (1) Observed mean value from Week 0 through Week 52, and (2) least squares mean ± standard error at Week 52 from ANCOVA adjusted for baseline values and stratification factors, with multiple imputation of missing data.